Spiritual But Not Religious
Mike Ervin
Below is
a comprehensive summary of the key findings and insights from Pew Research
regarding those who identify as “spiritual but not religious” (SBNR):
Scale of
the SBNR Identity
- 22% of U.S. adults describe
themselves as “spiritual but not religious”—meaning they consider
themselves spiritual, but either don’t call themselves religious or say
religion isn’t very important in their lives.
- Among U.S. adults overall:
- 64% identify as spiritual
- 53% as religious
- 38% say they are both spiritual
and religious
- 25% are spiritual but not
religious
- 14% are religious but not
spiritual
Core
Beliefs and Definitions
- A vast majority across all groups
hold spiritual beliefs:
- ~83% believe in a soul or spirit
- ~81% believe in something beyond
the natural world
- ~74% say there are things
science cannot explain
- SBNR individuals:
- Often see spirits in nature ~71%
believe spiritual energies inhabit places like mountains, rivers, or
trees .
- Define spirituality in terms of
connection: to nature, inner self, or a higher reality.
Belief
in Traditional Religious Concepts
Compared
with religious people, SBNR individuals are less likely to believe in:
- Biblical God: Only ~20% affirm
belief, versus majority among religious individuals
- Heaven: 54% vs. 93%
- Hell: 40% vs. 83%
Religious
Affiliation & Community
- About 45% of SBNR individuals
still identify with a religion (21% Protestant, 12% Catholic).
- Only 11% participate in religious
communities, compared to 62% of religious people .
- Engagement in non‑religious
“spiritual communities” is also low: 13% vs. 18% of religious people.
Attitudes
Toward Organized Religion
- 38% of SBNR say organized
religion does more harm than good, compared to only 7% among regular
religious Americans .
- They often see their identity
more as a reaction against religion than an affirmative one—Nancy Ammerman
describes it as “a kind of negative identity”.
Demographics
& Politics
- Gender: 57% of SBNR individuals
are women .
- Some research suggests women
find “spiritual” less stigmatizing than identifying as atheist.
- Age: SBNR tend to be younger: 25%
are ages 18–29, 43% ages 30–49 .
- Politics:
- SBNR lean significantly
Democratic: ~60% identify or lean Democrat vs. 34% Republican.
Spiritual
Practices & Meaning
- SBNR individuals often find
meaning through nature, meditation, ritual, and mindfulness rather than
religious worship.
- Their spiritual engagement
frequently includes:
- Feeling connected to nature
- Experiencing awe, a sense of
something greater
- Engaging in rituals or customs -
though less formalized
Context & Broader
Trends
Feature
Spiritual but not Religious (SBNR)
% of U.S. Adults
~22%
Belief in soul/spirit
~83%
Belief in nature spirits
~71%
Believe in Biblical God
~20%
Believe in heaven/hell
54% / 40%
Religious affiliation
45% (Protestant 21%, Catholic 12%)
In religious community
11%
In spiritual community
13%
Religion does harm
38%
Gender
57% women
Age (18–29)
25%
Democratic-leaning
~60%
- Younger generations continue to
move away from organized religion, yet express high levels of spirituality
- a blend of individualized belief and ritualistic needs .
- The rise of SBNR appears tied to:
- Distrust or rejection of institutions
perceived as conservative, excluding, or corrupt.
- A desire for personalized
spiritual experiences, often drawn from multiple traditions.
- A need for ritual, connection,
and meaning amid modern stress .
Takeaways
- SBNR is a sizable and stable
portion of the population, rooted largely in disillusionment with
religion, not a lack of spirituality.
- Spiritual but not religious does
not mean non-spiritual - they hold strong beliefs in souls, higher
realities, and non-material experiences.
- Their spirituality is sensual and
individual - connected to nature, ritual, awe - yet not tied to doctrinal
structures.
- Ritual and communal forms are
still important, but often sought outside traditional institutions.
- This reflects a broader trend of
deinstitutionalized, individualized spirituality, especially among younger
generations.
Spiritual But Not Religious